A comparison of poems by Wilfred Owen “Dulce et Decorum...

A comparison of poems by Wilfred Owen â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† and â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† Wilfred Owen fought in the ww1. He enrolled into army at an early age which was probably influenced by the government’s enticing and false advertising. However in the trenches Owen soon discovered the reality of war and how horrific the war was. At first he started to take notes about the conditions. Then later in a military hospital he edited and turned these notes into poetry. â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† is a Latin saying widely used and understood, often at the beginning of ww1. The full title is â€Å"Dulce et Decorum EST Pro Patria Mori†; it’s sweet and right to die for your country. In other words, it is a wonderful and high honour to fight and die for†¦show more content†¦In the final stanza Owen writes as if the reader could see the bodies of the deceased soldiers, they would not stop sending young men to war, nor would they tell their children â€Å"the old lie† with â€Å"such high zest†. In the poem Owen uses the first and the second persons; he uses the first and second persons to make the reader think that what he is talking about in the poem he witnessed. He uses for example â€Å"we†,†I† and â€Å"me†. Owen uses the second person when he wants to make us reflect on the cruel reality of was. We can see the third person when Owen is describing how the soldiers are going to fig ht. â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† Owen uses a lot of powerful imagery in this poem. He conveys his thoughts through the use of descriptive language techniques such as: metaphors, alliteration and similes. Metaphors are used to. Alliteration makes the reader remember certain phrases, â€Å"Knock kneed†, â€Å"men marched† and â€Å"GAS! GAS!† these are all examples of alliteration and Owen is trying to hammer in the point. Imagine â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† is one of Wilfred Owens best known poems. It’s about the fallen soldiers who didn’t receive their proper burials and it was as if the young soldiers were just sent there to die just like cattle, â€Å"for these who died as cattle†. This aimed at ww1 however I believe that this poem could be used to relate to soldiers today. â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† the tone of thisShow MoreRelated To compare the ways in which these poems display the horrors of war.1616 Words   |  7 Pagesthese poems display the horrors of war. I have selected three poems, The Soldier, by Rupert Brooke, Dulce et Decorum Est, and Anthem for Doomed Youth, both written by Wilfred Owen. Compare how these poems show the horrors of World War 1. To compare the ways in which these poems display the horrors of war. I have selected three poems, The Soldier, by Rupert Brooke, Dulce et Decorum Est, and Anthem for Doomed Youth, both written by Wilfred Owen. I chose Anthem for Doomed Youth andRead MoreWilfred Owen1266 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Wilfred Owen’s attitude towards WW1 and how is this shown through his poetry? Wilfred Owen was a soldier during world war one. Many of his poems were published posthumously, and now well renowned. His poems were also heavily influenced by his good friend and fellow soldier Siegfried Sassoon. Wilfred Owen was tragically killed one week before the end of the war. During the war Wilfred Owen had strong feelings towards the use of propaganda and war in general, this was due to the horrors heRead MoreClose Study of Texts - Wilfred Owen Essays1004 Words   |  5 PagesAlexandra Bucud How does Owen’s portrayal of the relationship between youth and war move us to a deeper understanding of suffering? As an anti-war poet, Wilfred Owen uses his literary skills to express his perspective on human conflict and the wastage involved with war, the horrors of war, and its negative effects and outcomes. As a young man involved in the war himself, Owen obtained personal objectivity of the dehumanisation of young people during the war, as well as the false glorificationRead MoreCulce Et Decorum Est and Anthem of the Doomed814 Words   |  3 PagesPoetry throughout the ages has influenced change in society and given voice to controversial topics. Wilfred Owen influenced his nation and became a powerful and significant agent of change through his literature as he demonstrated throughout his poetry how war is not something to be glorified yet is a horrific injustice suffered by many. By analysing Dulce Et Decorum Est and Anthem Of The Doomed it can be said that Owen’s significant message is to confront the idea of glorifying war and the patrioticRead MoreDulce Et Decorum Est and Anthem for Doomed Youth915 Words   |  4 Pageswere used to achieve this. In the two poems, Dulce et Decorum est., and Anthem for Doomed Youth, both written by Wilfred Owen, the author’s main purpose was to expose the true horrors of World War II and to challenge the romanticized view of war that poets such as Rupert Brooke held. To achieve this, Owen used familiar imagery techniques of similes and personification, and sound devices such as onomatopoeia and alliteration. In Dulce et Decorum est., Owen used the techniques of similes, †BentRead MoreEssay on Wilfred Owen3883 Words   |  16 Pages Wilfred Owen Read and Compare and Contrast the Following Poems by Wilfred Owen: [It Was a Navy Boy], Anthem for Doomed Youth and Dulce et Decorum Est. Wilfred Owen was a poet who was widely regarded as one of the best poets of the World War one period. Wilfred Owen was born on the 18th of March 1893, at Plas Wilmot, Oswestry, on the English Welsh border; he was the son of Tom and Susan Owen. During the winter of 1897-8 Tom Owen, Wilfred’s father was reappointed to Birkenhead, and withRead MoreA Comparison Between Wilfred Owen’s ‘Dulce Et Decorum Est’ and ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ and Siegfried Sassoon’s ‘Does It Matter?’ and ‘Suicide in the Trenches’1991 Words   |  8 PagesWilfred Owen’s ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’ and ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ are both poems that protest against and depict the subject of war. They both follow Wilfred Owen’s angst against those who encourage war and the savagery of warfare that he experienced himself. His poetry was devised to strike at the conscience of England during the World War. Owen’s mother had encouraged him to write poetry from an early age and when he was old enough he travelled to France to teach English when the war brokeRead MoreWilfred Owen War Poems Essay1232 Words   |  5 PagesExplain how particular features of at least two of Wilfred Owens poems set for study interact to affect your response to them. Wilfred Owens war poems central features include the wastage involved with war, horrors of war and the physical effects of war. These features are seen in the poems Dulce Et Decorum Est and Anthem for Doomed Youth here Owen engages with the reader appealing to the readers empathy that is felt towards the soldier. These poems interact to explore the experiences of the soldiersRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s Anthem For Doomed Youth And Dulce Et Decorum Est1224 Words   |  5 Pagesalways loved poetry, but after reading poems that have such moving stories to tell it hasn’t been hard to grow a certain fondness for them. Poetry is the telling of stories from the creative and sometimes hauntingly realistic words of a poet. The world of poetry can be wonderful. It can also be saddening, exhilarating or wonderfully exciting and the most eloquent poems can leave anybody rewinding over the story of the poem for a time afterwards. Wilfred Owen was a poet who became well renowned a fterRead MoreWilfred Owen - Comparing Poetry4003 Words   |  17 PagesFollowing Poems by Wilfred Owen: [It Was a Navy Boy], Anthem for Doomed Youth and Dulce et Decorum Est. br brWilfred Owen was a poet who was widely regarded as one of the best poets of the World War one period. br brWilfred Owen was born on the 18th of March 1893, at Plas Wilmot, Oswestry, on the English Welsh border; he was the son of Tom and Susan Owen. During the winter of 1897-8 Tom Owen, Wilfreds father was reappointed to Birkenhead, and with that the whole family moved there. Wilfred started

The New England Women s Gender Roles - 950 Words

1.Historian Nancy Scott focuses on the New England women’s gender roles. A two-fold role, Domesticity and Feminism. A paradox in â€Å"progress† of women’s history in the United States of 1830’s. â€Å"New England women in 1835 endured subordination to men in marriage and society, profound disadvantage in education and in the economy, denial of access to official power in the churches that they populated, and virtual impotence in politics. A married woman had no legal existence apart from her husband’s†. Women had no voting and inheritance rights. Widows and single women with property had to submit to taxation without being represented. In economy they had second-class position. Those who worked earned one-fourth to one-half to men for†¦show more content†¦It also contained within itself the preconditions for organized feminism, by allotting a â€Å"separate† sphere for women and engendering sisterhood within that spher e. It assigned women a â€Å"vocation†, comparable to men’s vocation’s, but also implying in woman’s case, a unique sexual solidarity†. 2.The ideology of southern women’s domesticity developed both out of social and economic changes of late eighteenth century and the first twenty-five years of the nineteenth centuries. White middle-class Americans lives got complex with economic diversity. Men took jobs into factories and businesses, away from homes into new developing cities of the North. This robbed southern women of work like weaving, spinning, make candle, wax and soap etc. From producer they became consumer. They were to create an uplifting home environment for their husband’s return. â€Å"A Cardinal tenet of the ideology of domesticity and what made it attractive to so many white middle-class women held that women were morally superior to men. The ideology of domesticity articulated in the south confirmed for white southerners their regional superiority and the virtues of their racial beliefs and Institutions. This ideology also helped them to articulate the characteristics of the ideal woman†. (Source-2) Southern writer’s repeatedly told women how to behave to guarantee a happy marriage. Women were expected to be not only good wives but also responsible for turning their husbands

Dbq pilgrimage of grace free essay sample

The Pilgrimage of Grace participants were Catholics who were against the Protestant Reformation. They made armed demonstrations and protests from 1536 to 1537 against Henry VII, head of the Anglican Church, and Thomas Cromwell his Lord High Chancellor. Cromwell implemented a series of policies that included the confiscation of Catholic Church lands. The goals of these participants were to stop the Protestant Reformation and give more rights back to Catholics. They had concerns with the protestants growing more powerful and having a protestant King in Henry the VII. The goals of the Pilgrimage of Grace were to give power back to the Catholic Church in Europe and take credibility from Proestants, but instead their concerns of the Protestant Reformation overshadowed them and their goals were not reached. The Oath of Honorable Men the participants must take says, You shall not enter into our Pilgrimage of Grace for worldly gain. Do so for the love of God, for the Holy Catholic Church militant. We will write a custom essay sample on Dbq pilgrimage of grace or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Doc. 1). This oath shows that the members of the Pilgrimage must only protest for the Catholic Church, not for their own gain. The members must do this through their love for God. At the time protestants and catholics had very different views and religion was a source of tension, even though both groups are Christians. In a petition presented to the Kings Council, written by Robert Aske in December of 1536, many things are asked of the Council. To have the supreme head of the Church be the Pope in Rome as before (Doc. 5). Henry VII had become the head of the Church by the Act of Supremacy in 1534. The demonstrations and protests of the Pilgrimage of Grace were in part reactions to this act. The Pope had been the face of the Church for past centuries. Now, the King, a protestant political figure head, was also the leader of the Church. This was a major concern of the Catholics who started these armed demonstrations. After the petition, a random pamphlet attributed to Sir Thomas Tempest (a former member of Parliament for Newcastle) said that, The King should grant our petition against the traitor Thomas Cromwell and his adherents, or at least exile them from the realm (Doc. 6). Calling Cromwell a traitor was a failed attempt to take away credibility of the Kings Lord High Chancellor. The protesters goal here was to get rid of the person who was influencing the King the most, and taking away from the Catholic Churchs land. In December of 1536, Henry VII wrote a letter that gave pardon to the marchers and protesters. Let it be confessed to you, the Kings subjects and commoners, have recently committed rebellion that might have ruined your country (Doc. 9). this is stated in the beginning part of his letter, where he says that Catholics who rebel against the Protestant way are ruining their own country. The King then goes on to state that he has pity on them and will pardon their offenses. This gave the protesters more time to demonstrate against the Protestant King and followers. The members still had concerns that the Protestant Reformation would continue so they did not stop their protests to restore power to the Catholic Church. In the first trials against the members of the Pilgrimage of Grace in 1537, 223 people were tried and 144 convicted. Of those people, the vast majority were commoners, but the group with the highest conviction rate were the members of the clergy with 80% of those tried convicted (Doc. 10). The trials lasted from January to March, but the Pilgrimage stopped protesting in February of that year. In 1537, Robert Aske stated in his testimony before his execution that, Once the monasteries in the north gave great help to the poor men and laudable service to God. Now no hospitality is shown to travelers (Doc. 11). This gentleman and member of the Pilgrimage felt that because the goals the protesters set were not achieved, the country was not as good as it could be. He felt that a Catholic Europe during his time period would be better than the Protestant Europe it was becoming. His testimony before his death gives meaning to the fact that the Reformation was to powerful for the Pilgrimage of Grace and their goals were never reached. The goals of the Pilgrimage of Grace were never reached because the concerns and factors against them were to great. Thomas Cromwell hired a writer named Richard Morrison to say, When every man rules, who will obey (Doc. 7). Here Cromwells thoughts are saying that the rebels are not making anything better for themselves, they are making it worse. They should just stay and obey the King, rather they go and continue to protest. Their plans were stopped when the King and Cromwell had enough and the majority of the members were convicted after only a year of protesting. The Protestant Reformation taking place during these demonstrations was the reason the demonstrations were not successful. The country was in religious reform and the majority of people were reforming with it.

The Bra Boys Essay Example

The Bra Boys Paper Bra Boys From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search The Bra Boys is an Australian gang founded and based in Maroubra, an eastern suburb of Sydney, New South Wales. Dating back to the 1990s, the gang has gained notoriety through violent clashes with members of the public and police. The gang achieved national and international attention in 2007[1] with the release of a feature-length documentary entitled Bra Boys: Blood is Thicker than Water, written and directed by members of the gang. Contents 1 Origins Notoriety and violence 2. 1 Criminal matters 2. 2 General community activism 2. 3 Art imitating life 3 Documentary 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External links Origins The Bra Boys are held together by surfing as well as community ties. [2] The group is often linked with the Maroubra Surfers Association, with which a number of its members are associated. [citation needed] In an interview on Triple J radio, Koby Abberton pointed out the Bra is a reference to the gangs suburb, Maroubra,[3] and partly after the street slang for brother. 1] Some members of the gang tattoo My Brothers Keeper across the front of their chest,[4] Bra Boys and Maroubras postcode 2035 on their backs. [citation needed] With a reputation of being territorial,[1] the group is known to have taken control of a Sydney reef break, known as Cape Solander, located in Kurnell, and renaming the break Ours. In July 2007, The Sydney Morning Herald reported an altercation that took place between professional bodyboarder Mitch Rawlins and a group of several Bra Boys members, including Koby Abberton. Rawlins was allegedly approached by a Bra Boy member and told to fuck off. It is believed an argument broke out and then turned physical with Rawlins being punched in the head. A spokesman for the Bra Boys confirmed there had been some sort of small incident but denied any major violence. [5] Notoriety and violence Prominent Bra Boys members include rugby league players Reni Maitua, John Sutton, as well as the Abberton brothers, Sunny, Jai, Dakota, and Koby, with the latter being the most notorious of the brothers. 6] Criminal matters A syndicate with alleged links to members of the Bra Boys were caught smuggling cocaine following interceptions of conversations dating back to 1997. It was alleged that the syndicate was granted security passes to restricted areas within Sydney Airport, by-passing Australian Customs, enabling the prohibited narcotics to be smuggled from Los Angeles by being concealed in on-board catering refuse. [7] In 2005, Jai Abberton was acquitted of the 2003 murde r of stand-over man Anthony Tony Hines. 8] However, his brother Koby was handed a suspended nine-month jail sentence after being found guilty of perverting the course of justice in the same matter. [9][10] In November 2008, Koby Abberton was jailed for three days by a US court after being found guilty of assaulting an off-duty police officer in a fight outside a nightclub in Honolulu, Hawaii. [6] In November 2009 Jai Abberton was jailed for eight months for breaching a good behaviour bond. [11] General community activism We will write a custom essay sample on The Bra Boys specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Bra Boys specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Bra Boys specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In late 2002, around 160 members of the gang attending a birthday party at the Coogee-Randwick RSL Club were involved in a brawl with off-duty Waverley police officers leaving a Christmas party on the same premises. News reports numbered the combatants in the incident at around 120, with 30 police officers left injured after the event. [12] In August 2005, the Bra Boys led a 100-person non-violent protest against plans by Randwick Council to introduce parking meters near the local beaches. [13] In the lead up to the 2005 Cronulla riots in Cronulla, Koby Abberton spoke to The Daily Telegraph about the assault of a lifeguard that sparked the incident, claiming: The reason why its not happening at Maroubra is because of the Bra Boys. Girls go to Cronulla, Bondi, everywhere else in Sydney and get harassed, but they come to Maroubra and nothing happens to them. I read all this stuff about kids getting harassed because they want to have a surf and I say are you kidding? The beach should be for Aussie kids. But if you want to go to beaches and act tough in groups you better be able to back it up. If these fellas come out to Maroubra and start something they know its going to be on, so they stay away. [14] Following the riots, in which the Bra Boys did not claim any involvement, Maroubra was the target of retaliation by Middle Eastern gangs. The Abberton brothers then held well-publicised meetings with other groups to help ease tensions. [15] I think that this is the start, the boys have agreed to come down and talk to us, to start some dialogue between the groups, you know, to try and ease some tension, said Sunny Abberton in a group interview on The 7. 30 Report. [16] Art imitating life The Bra Boys were made the subject of satire by The Chasers War on Everything, episode 29, aired on 11 April 2007. [17] In the skit Julian Morrow approached gang members while wearing a pill-filled brassiere and sporting a tattoo similar to Koby Abbertons saying mybrothersalibi. A gang member responded by slipping off one of his thongs and flinging it at Morrow. Long-running Australian television soap opera, Home and Away has produced a thinly veiled reference to the Bra Boys in the fictional storyline of the River Boys that was broadcast in Australia commencing 16 February 2011. 18] Inspired by the friendship and brotherhood codes instilled by the Bra Boys, the Abberton brothers created a clothing line to reflect the importance of solid bonds between friends and family entitled MyBrothersKeeper Clothing, sometimes referred to as MBK Clothing. MyBrothersKeeper is a reference to the unspoken motto of the Bra Boys and can be somewhat translated as the unconditional love, respect and su pport of those close to you regardless of race, gender and age. [4] Documentary A 90 minute documentary film about the surf gang, entitled Bra Boys: Blood is Thicker than Water premiered in Sydney on 7 March 2007 and was released on 15 March 2007. The film details a story of the Bra Boys from the viewpoint of the gang, particularly the Abbertons. Sunny Abberton wrote and co-directed the film with Macario De Souza. Actor Russell Crowe provided narration. The films official cast included 49 well known surfers from Bra Boys members Evan Faulks and Richie Vas Vaculik to ten-time world champion, Kelly Slater,[19] and surfing legends including Mark Occhilupo, Bruce Irons, and Laird Hamilton. 20] Australian reviewer Margaret Pomeranz gave the movie an overall positive review, while her At the Movies co-host David Stratton criticised Sunnys amateurish direction and questioned how objective a documentary can be when it is directed by its subject. [21] The documentary became Australias highest-grossing non-IMAX documentary film[22] and won the Best Documentary at the 2008 Movie EXTRA Filmink Awards. [23] The movie saw a limited release in the United States that began on 11 April 2008, in 23 select locations in Southern California, New York and Hawaii. 20] The film was distributed in Australia by Hopscotch Films and internationally by boutique distributor, Berkela Films. [24] The film was released on DVD on 16 August 2007 with extras including the documentary, The Making of Bra Boys, extended surfing footage, coverage of the films premiere, history of Australian surf culture, a fitness program presented by one of the Bra Boys, and music videos. [25] References ^ a b c Marks, Kathy (19 March 2007). Sydneys notorious surf gang turns tide of violence into big-screen adulation. The Independent (United Kingdom). Retrieved 16 November 2008. ^ Carroll, Nick (9 March 2007). Bra Boys World Film Premier in Sydney, Australia Movie review. Surfing Magazine. Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Warhurst, Myf; Whalley, Jason; McDougall, Lindsay (7 May 2007). Myf, Jay and the Doctor: Interview with Koby Abberton (radio). Triple J (Australia). ^ a b Minion, Lynne (8 August 2009). Brothers in Arms. Canberra Times. Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Gilmore, Heath (15 July 2007). Bra Boys say its Ours and well fight for it. The Sydney Morning Herald. ^ a b Hellard, Peta (21 November 2008). Guilty Bra Boy Koby Abberton in Honolulu jail for three days. The Daily Telegraph (Australia). ^ McKenzie, Nick (24 September 2009). Cocaine gang had security clearance. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Wallace, Natasha (6 May 2005). Surf gang member cleared of standover mans murder. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Bra Boys: The often maligned surf brotherhoods new movie. Surfer Magazi ne. 22 July 2010. ^ Jones, Caroline (7 November 2005). Sons of beaches (transcript). Australian Story (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. Jail for Bra Boy Jai Abberton, Pussycat Doll Melody Jail for Bra Boy Jai Abberton, Pussycat Doll Melody Thornton dines with Sonny and Koby Abberton. The Daily Telegraph (Australia). 12 November 2009. Retrieved 1 December 2011. ^ Kennedy, Les (24 December 2002). Night the thin blue line ran into the Maroubra stomp. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Cuming, Angela; Munro, Catharine (7 August 2005). Rage over 7000 meters for beaches. The Sun-Herald (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ McIlveen, Luke (9 December 2005). A beast surfaces. The Daily Telegraph (Australia). Silkstone, Dan (14 December 2005). When two tribes go to war: a culture clash. The Age (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Emergency powers to crack down on riots (transcript). The 7. 30 Report (Australia). 13 December 2005. Retrieved 6 February 2011 . ^ The Chaser vs. The Bra Boys Hilarious Gags (video). The Chaser. Australia. 11 April 2007. Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Casamento, Jo (6 February 2011). Bra Boys amused by Home and Away homage. The Sun-Herald (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Howard, Jake. Kelly Slater wins his 10th world title. ESPN Action Sports (United States). Retrieved 6 November 2010. a b Bra Boys. Internet Movie Database. Amazon. com. 2007. Retrieved 2 February 2011. ^ Pomeranz, Margaret; Stratton, David (14 March 2007). Bra Boys. At the Movies (Australia). Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Bra Boys breaks box office record. ABC News (Australia). 27 March 2007. ^ ‘Bra Boys:’ Best Documentary at Movie EXTRA Awards. Transworld Skateboarding (United States). 17 March 2008. Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Bra Boys: Blood is Thicker than Water. Berkela Films. Retrieved 6 February 2011. ^ Idato, Michael (27 August 2007). Bra Boys DVD review. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 February 2011.

Overpopulation in China and India Essay Example

Overpopulation in China and India Paper Some of the policies created by China and India have shown to be very effective in repressing the growth of the population while others barely make a difference. Differing Ideas and approaches to enforcement have produced different effects which, ultimately, help people know whose policy is more effective. Chinas One-Child policy has proven to be more successful than Indians policies because the when the policys enactment, paired with strict enforcement, brought about beneficial effects. When India gained its independence from England in 1947, their economy Egan to improve and the country started to establish their authority in the world. In addition, their population started to grow at a more rapid pace. India had old traditions embedded in their culture. Traditions like child marriage, early pregnancy and having many children lead to uncontrolled increase in population. In 1952, when the government finally saw how scarce their resources had become, the National Population Policy became the first official step towards control over population growth (India Population and). It sought to address the need for contraception, healthcare infrastructure and o provide basic reproductive and child health care to its people. However, India was not rigid in implementing its policies. They took a milder approach in controlling the population by integrating family planning with general health care. The policies helped spread the word of the importance of having less children but it did not help reduce birth rates. In response to further reduce birth rates, more programs and policies were enacted. By 1975, population control became a regularly taught subject in school curriculums. Also, financial rewards were given to couples who refrained from having hillier for n;v0 years. We will write a custom essay sample on Overpopulation in China and India specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Overpopulation in China and India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Overpopulation in China and India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Despite these attempts, none made a huge impact on the countrys increasing population. The government was able to inform couples the importance of having fewer children which caused a minor drop in birth rates, but not a significant one. The policy could be effective; because the policy was lenient and unforced, citizens would be more open to following it. At the same time, though, the flexibility will cause people to not take the policy seriously, resulting in no decrease in birth rates. Like India, China also faced a decreasing amount of resources with the rapidly increasing population. In 1 956, China took action to suppress a rapidly growing population with the use of propaganda. They soon realized that it made very little impact. After many attempts and failures, the government enacted the One-Child Policy law in 1 979 (Worded). This law stated that each family could only have one child except those with special circumstances (Worded). The program was a sophisticated system which rewarded those who observed the policy and penalized those who did not (Worded). If a family did not follow the One-Child Policy, they could receive a high fine, some amounting P to six times a couples annual income (Worth). Forced abortions and sterilization was common in women who did not obey the law (China steps). Those who adopted the law received special benefits. If a family agreed to have only one child, they received $72, a fortune for the Chinese people, after they turned 60 (China Rewards). China, as a result of their strife, has prevented around 400 million babies from being born, a successful feat for the overpopulated country (Retell). China has seen healthy economical growth which might not have happened if the population had been inappropriately larger. Thanks to the policy, other negative effects of overpopulation were thwarted and did not create a major impact to the society. Even with these benefits, there remain downfalls. A new dilemma has arisen named the 4-2-1 problem, which states that since a daughter or son in a family will be an only child, that one child must care for their two parents and their four grandparents when they are too old (Hester). Also, an even graver situation looms over China. Because the Chinese prefer boy children, the One-Child Policy means some couples may only get a female child. The overspent allows couples to have a second child if their first is a girl, but there are no third tries, even if the second is a girl as well (Worded). Many families, upset with their female child, have resorted to condemning their newborns to orphanages, abandoning them or even killing them. Because of the persecution of the female children, there are a smaller percentage of female children to male children (Fitzpatrick). The One-Child Policys strictness has been very beneficial to China in that it has prevented millions of births from occurring and helped in the countrys fight against pollution. However, the stern enforcement and punishment has led to couples abandoning and killing their babies and possible dilemmas for the future generations. In comparison, Chinas policy is clearly more effective than India in controlling their population. While Indians policy is mild, modest and not enforced, Chinas policy is strict and rigid. Indians policies make the citizens less likely to oppose the idea, but that same reason causes them to not think much of the rule, resulting in no birth rate decline. China, on the other hand, treats their policy much like a law. This makes the policy much more difficult to bypass. The rule may have brought upon some dilemmas, but even so, it has resulted in positive effects. Because of diligent enforcement, Chinas One-Child Policy has been more effective than Indians policies. It is projected that in 2030, India will surpass Chinas population. The projected population in India is 1. 53 billion and 1. 45 billion in China, which will be the countrys climax population. It is important to note however, that despite the efforts of both countries, China is still seeing a continued increase in birth rates but at a less paid pace compared to India.

Daimler Chrysler Essays

Daimler Chrysler Essays Daimler Chrysler Essay Daimler Chrysler Essay Julie I. Gonzalez DaimlerChrysler AG: A Decade of Global Strategic Challenges Leads to Divorce in 2007 The DaimlerChrysler merger of 1998 was accepted with anticipation of greatness by analysts, stockholders, and the auto industry. Both companies had a global presence and combined heralded a revenue of 154 billion and 5. 6 billion in profit, combined. However, this merger ended up in divorce due to cross-cultural problems, production and manufacturing glitches, competition, lack of demand, , and incompatible brand portfolios. On the Hofstede dimension, Germans rank very high on individualism. They are conservative and value privacy, politeness and formality. Individualism is not conducive to a combined effort. This need for individualism as a culture affected the overall efforts to combine knowledge and skills. Daimler employees were competitive and resented the Chrysler division. Efforts and goals were not combined and there was a lack of synergy. One of the reasons for the merger was to combine their operations, share Ramp;D know-how and joint sales. As a result of the lack of cooperation there were production manufacturing glitches. Manufacturing was not properly streamlined. Both companies had very different methods of manufacturing and production. There was no learning from one another or implementation of each other’s best practices. Competition in the auto industry is always tense. Toyota, for instance was the most efficient manufacturer and quality and consumer satisfaction. DaimlerChrysler’s goal was to become a major global player. These goals were not realized duet other challenges Daimler branded vehicles faced in maintaining their position as a luxury and quality tradition and Chrysler facing issues of safety. Chapter 7 lists the guidelines for a successful alliance. The number one factor is choosing a partner with compatible strategic goals and objectives with whom the alliance will result in synergies through the combined markets, technologies, and management cadre. They did share the same goal having a global presence, having a broad product range and technology leadership. However, these goals did not result in synergy, a mutually successful bond. The merger plan was to combine two very different brand portfolios. Daimler-Benz targets the upscale market while the Chrysler targets the low end/sub-compact market. Lack of demand also hindered the success of the DaimlerChrysler merger. Customer demand for Chryslers gas guzzling SUV’s and Daimlers expensive luxury vehicles was down due to the state of the economy. In May of 2007 DaimlerChrysler demerged. The merger was a failure and as a result Daimler lost big. How could this failure have been avoided? One could reason that clashing of the two cultures is something that is without solution. However, as we have seen with the Renault-Nissan alliance, two cultures that clash and on paper look impossible can be very successful. Negotiations were formal. Less formal, more personal negotiations between the German and American executives with an impartial mediator could have offered better solutions to issues before the actual merger took place. It appears to me that the merger went through rather prematurely without actual solutions to problems that they may actually face once combining the two companies. Issues such as how to properly merge the two brands, how to foster compliance in learning each other’s best practices. I believe that a successful alliance begins with leadership. A more effective leadership that is non-biased or without prejudice would be more successful. The resentment of Chrysler by Daimler should have been addressed. All employees not on board for the common good of the two companies should have been let go or moved to a different position. Lastly, the auto economy was suffering, and the consumer demand for luxury or gas guzzling vehicles was low. There was a lack of innovation during the post merger period. Innovation was not even discussed during the premerger negotiations. New vehicles aimed at what the customers were actually demanding may have allowed this union to have been a successful one.

Satire and Political Life in Canada Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Satire and Political Life in Canada - Essay Example Politics is a practise that has been practised for a long time in Canada, though it has incessantly evolved. Satire has been in practise for even longer, dating back centuries. However, the relationship between the two is more recent as the ‘freedom of expression’ has continually become more adhered to by the authorities. It can also be said that the accessibility of effective communication channels to the people has also made the relationship even stronger. Satire and politics have hence of late formed a bond that has got many understanding one through the other (Fisher, 2013). Perhaps the most famous Canadian of 2013, Toronto Mayor Mr. Rob Ford, brought out a new and more advanced context of satire in politics. It is fitting to use this example since many people can identify with it, and consequently understand the extent to which satire and politics are presently entangled. After the mayor admitted to using drugs, comedians from all across the country and in specific parts of the world were prompt to pick it up and bend the admission to their favour. In fact, so many picked it up that some audience started viewing Ford as a victim of mockery. It got to a point where people taking drugs got sympathy from a newly formed population with the mind-set that taking is a sickness rather than a crime (CBCNews, 2013). However, a majority of the people found the ‘mockery’ as hilarious and in a way understood politics through this perspective. It is a further emphasis on the burly bond between satire and politics in the current Canadian society. This is an example that most without the knowledge of the bond can use to realize what it is all about. However, it is appropriate to state that there are many more angles that the same relationship can be understood. The fact that views on political matters can be expressed freely means that the ‘limits’ of political satire are limitless. Some of

Strategies for Addressing Individual Needs Essay

Strategies for Addressing Individual Needs - Essay Example His lack of eye contact, his difficulty in social interaction and his lack of response to his name are all symptoms of Autistic Spectrum Disorders (Anderson, 2007, p. 16). I would recommend to his parents that he be screened for this disorder as a precaution. If autism is found, there can be early intervention work and behavioral interventions that can be specific to autism. The New York State (NYS) Department of Health, Early Intervention Program, suggests that there are several early screening assessments that can be used. The Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT) is a short test that can be administered to detect autism in toddlers. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) combines information from parents and from a professional to see whether there is a possibility for autism. These two screening tests would be used in addition to the observation that was made in the classroom. Another area of concern that I see would be Roberts hearing. He also exhibits many symptoms of a child who either is not hearing or who does not hear well. My question would be whether Robert has ever made noises from his earlier years. As an example, many children will babble and coo when they are babies. Sometimes deaf babies do not. According to Kibby and Perlstein (2010) a child who does not have normal hearing may not be able to develop normal speech and language. Speech delay, a diagnosis of autism, frequent ear infections and low birth rate are some of the risk factors for hearing loss. I would refer Roberts parents to an audiologist to test his hearing. The case study does not state whether Robert is listening to other sounds or not so we can only go on the fact that he does not answer to his name when it is called. One assessment that Kibby and Perlstein suggest for a child of Roberts age would be play audiometry. This test pairs sounds with a specific task or response. The y give an example where a

Management Contracting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Contracting - Essay Example The paper tells that a design-build contract refers to an outstanding type of project delivery system used in construction as well as renovation projects. In this kind of contract, the client awards the project to a contractor. After the client enters into the contract with the contractor, the contractor is responsible for all design as well as construction work needed to complete the project. This will allow the client to deal with one source during the construction of the innovative and eye catching new property as opposed to coordinating various parties. If the client awards the design-build contract to a builder, the builder is responsible for hiring all engineers and architects needed to complete the work of designing the new property. The client has the right to reject or approve design options; however, he is no longer responsible for managing or coordinating the design team. When the owner approves the design, the same contractor directs the construction process of the new pr operty and hires subcontractors if needed. Most clients’ sign build contracts after a negotiation as opposed to a bid process. NEC3 contract is a family of contracts that facilitate the implementation of sound management practices and principles and defining legal relationships. The contract is a positive as well as a progressive form of contract that allows every part to participate in and contribute to the successful delivery of facilities, buildings, as well as best value solutions. The client and the contractor collaborate and their collaborative working across the whole construction process boosts the likely project outcomes. The contract stimulates good management of the relationship between the client and contractor and the work included in the contract (NEC 2010). The contract offers clients and contractors project focused outcomes leading to the achievement of the client objectives for the projects in terms of ultimate performance, quality, time and cost aspects. The NEC3 contract is advantageous in that it designs a system for managing the construction project interfaces. It also gets all the parties to sign up to the contract and

Design Proposal for Smartphone Technology

Design Proposal for Smartphone Technology HUMAN MOBILE Your personal invisible communication platform The goal of this project is to propose an innovative and futuristic design of new era mobile smartphone. It is been suggested that the whole device will be implanted to the human body. The aim of the following analysis and key points are the correct choice of the right materials for the task, with focus on the biocompatibility and the practicality of them. Due to the introduction of the smartphone as we know it nowadays, our daily routine has considerably improved. With a device that fits in a pocket, it is possible to communicate instantaneously with anyone that has an internet connection everywhere on the planet, use it as a precise navigator while a couple of years ago it could only be done with a separated device, make payments through i-banking and not wasting valuable time during the day to deal with common banking transactions and the list goes on and on. It is not unreasonable to say that a strong bond is developed between the user and the mobile phone. People are rarely separated from their mobile phones and use them consistently. The constant use and dependence to the mobile phone can lead to several problems which are: the requirement of carrying the device permanently, the limited battery life although the progress made the need of carrying a charger or a power bank and finally, there is the probability of theft (especially if it is a high value device) leading to the exposure of private data. The introduced design can provide total privacy, a fabulous experience in video streaming through a contact lens and leaves the word charging back to history. 3.1. Problem scope Human Mobile is a series of the micro-devices implanted into the human body, through signal transmittance from each component to achieve several functions. There are many problems to take in consideration, which are: Each device should have a relatively long life span. Reduce potential radiation. Excellent thermal diffusivity. Bio-compatibility. In conventional mobile phones, replacement the rate of the old generation by the recent one is frequent, human mobile focus on providing customer privacy and latest technology. All the devices will be implanted in the human body, so the product must be designed with a long life span. Radiation is a potential problem that many people care about, due to fact that high amounts of radiation can provoke cancerogenesis. All devices should have an excellent thermal diffusivity allowing quick heat evacuation to reduce the possibility of the devices overheat that can lead to an explosion. The most significant problem is to secure the bio-compatibility of all the parts. Nobody wants to implant an instrument in the body that can cause health issues even though it is convenient. The above parameters will affect the selection of materials. All materials must meet the conditions mentioned above. 3.2. Design requirement The human mobile consists of five main components: an ultra-thin micro Bluetooth speaker implant in the ear; a photo visual processor, in the shape of a contact lens, making it easy to put on and take off; a pressure sensor, that acts as a keyboard and mouse; a circuit board containing microchip, acting as the brain of the human mobile, responsible for transmitting signals between the processor and the outer world, it will be implanted in arms; a battery to provide electricity current, it will be implanted under the foot. All these devices will be covered by a radiation-reducing coating material, at the same time; the coating material must also have excellent thermal diffusivity. 2.2.1. Ultra-thin micro Bluetooth speaker Micro Bluetooth is implanted behind the ear, it should be as thin as possible, and the level of sounds should be lower than normal Bluetooth speaker, because high volume noises will harm the ear. 2.2.2. Photovisual processor The Photo visual processor is a contact-lens like processor, a micro OLED screen included in to provide digital photo during use, the digital photo connects with the processor sensor, and the customer enjoys an experience of touch-screen everywhere. The processor must be comfortable to the eyeballs. 2.2.3. Pressure sensor A pressure sensor implanted in the fingertip, with a microchip attached as well and according to the change of pressure from the fingertip, the pressure sensor catches the signal and the microchip process it then sends the signal to the visual processor. The sensor should be as tiny as possible to implant in the fingertip. 2.2.4. CPU This is the most important part of the human mobile; normally a CPU is occupying quite a large size when implanted it in the human body, so the implanting position must be a seldom used area, like arms or legs. At the same time, the CPU board should be relatively flexible to resist and absorb hits and shocks from the external environment. The size of it should be as small as possible. 2.2.5 Battery A battery is needed to provide current to each component. The battery must be able to provide adequate current, and at the same time to generate current as well. A piezoelectric battery is chosen; it can generate current by compression. The battery will be implanted under the foot, so people can generate current by walking. 2.2.6 Coatings The coating material is used to cover every facility that is implanted in the human body. It must be bio-compatible and non-toxic. Moreover, during the selection of the coating material, a radiation-reduced material is preferred. 3.3. Design description When customer using human mobile, the CPU will send/receive signals at first, and then transmit these signals into voice/visual form to micro speaker/visual processor. When the user would like to reply at messages, he can easily use his finger tip to type messages through a lighten keyboard provided by the visual processor. Also more entertainment purpose functions can be achieved by these facilities. For human-mobile design, a combination of cost efficiency, electrical properties, thermal expansion and density are crucial. Biocompatibility for each material is not particularly included because the electrical component will be coated with a biocompatible coating. All of those considerations were put together for an Ashby diagram to be constructed. To reduce the price for implanted surgery, the price for each material is constraint to be no more than 25à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤/kg while the density has its limit below 10g/cm3. Various materials from each group were selected for six major parts of the design based on the diagram in Figure 1. Figure 1. Ashby Diagram 4.1Microprocessor Every device has a brain to control its functions. It builds-up from four main parts into one, known as microprocessor. These parts are: transistor, resistor, capacitor, and diode. According to WhatIs.com (2015), transistor is a device that controls the flow of current and voltage, acts as a switch on/off gate for electronic signals. Conductive materials like metal will easily transfer the electrical flow without control, while isolator materials like plastic will transmit neither current nor voltage. Semiconductor is the perfect material that able to transport the electrical flow and control it[1]. Radio-electronic.com (n, d) listed some of semiconductor materials that are widely used in electronic devices. Germanium is on the top list, and placed on the second but is the most used for electronic devices [2]. Even though the charge carrier mobility is less than germanium, it offers a lot easier manufacturing process, exists as the second most abundant elements on earth, hence more efficient cost for production [3]. The second component is the resistor. Resistor has a specific and unchanging resistance that will limit the flow of electrons through the circuit [4]. The different point between a resistor and a transistor is that the fist only consumes the power but cannot generate it like transistor, thence it is a passive component. Materials used for making a resistor can be divided into two parts, the wire and the core. The wire usually made from carbon, metal alloy (nickel-alloy), metal oxide or foil. Meanwhile, the core often made from ceramic, fiberglass, or carbon [5]. To store the electrical charge of electronic devices, capacitor is used. Capacitor is made from conductive and dielectric material. Dielectric material is a non-conductive substance that determines the properties of capacitor. SCHOOT (2014) stated, glass ceramic is a pore free material which able to assist high dielectric strength and provide a high storage density. It is very suitable to be applied as a capacitor, especially if manufactured in nano-sized crystalline structure [6]. Finally, the last component that controls the microprocessor is the diode. It functions as a controller of which direction the current flow, prevents damage to the circuit due to back flow or electromotive force, and consist of cathode and anode [7]. It also provides time lag to stabilize the power within the circuit. Diodes usually are made from semiconductor materials like silicon. Electrons in P-type and N-type of silicon attracted with each other, they tend to build up until it prevents the free movement of any further electron [8]. To increase the conductivity of the circuit, copper or gold are deposited by electroplating process [9]. For this design, the materials chosen for the microprocessor are silicon for both transistor and diode, fibreglass for the substrate of resistor and nickel alloy for its wire and glass ceramic for the capacitor. Properties of selected materials are summarized in table 1. 4.2 Battery To provide electricity for the component to work, efficient battery which provide enough energy needs to be chosen. Considering biocompatibility of the component, green energy were chosen for the design. One of the options is piezoelectric a material. Piezoelectric can be defined any material, which converts kinetic energy into electricity. The atoms inside the piezoelectric crystal are arranged in an unsymmetrical way but however their charges are balanced [10]. Applying mechanical force into the crystal will disturb the arrangement and misplace the atoms, creating net electrical charges. Utilizing its feature, a piezoelectric device can supply self-sufficient energy system. Piezoelectric materials can be found in either natural or synthetic. Natural crystals which exhibits this characteristics are quartz, topaz, and Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate)[10]. Synthetic ceramic materials with a perovskite crystalline structure are materials such as Lead Zirconia Titanate (PZT) or more environmental friendly lead-free piezoceramic. One example of lead-free piezoceramic material that shows big potential is Potasium Sodium Niobate (KNN). Figure 2. How Piezoelectricity Works[10] KNN based piezoceramic shows competitive value of dielectric constant (driven charge per unit force applied in the parallel/perpendicular direction) for about 9.01-13.81 F/m (10-9) compared to PZT 15.3-16.59 F/m (10-9)[11]. From medical aspect, bone can be categorized as piezoelectric material because apatite-collagen relationship can be assumed like p-n junctions[12]. Cytotoxities of KNN have also been evaluated and viability of mouse fibroblast cultured for 24 h were respectively 84%, which means the ion dissolution relatively controllable[12]. Alternative material, for example quartz or the synthetic version of it is fused silica, which has high purity silicon. It has been used for many medical instruments due to its inert properties and biocompatible with humans body[13]. Comparing between KNN and quartz, it is more costly efficient and superior properties to use quartz than KNN. Table 1. Properties for electrical material Materials Density/ gcm-3 Thermal expansion coefficient/ strainoC-1 Electrical resistivity/ ohm.cm Dielectric strength/ MVm-1 Quartz 2.20 0.48 0.52 3.16e24 1e26 25 40 Glass ceramic 9658 2.52 8.72 9.07 3.16e19 3.16e20 38 40 Silicon 2.33 2 3.2 1e6 1e10 5 12 Graphite 2.23 7 7.59 276 348 Copper C15100 8.94 16.8 16.9 1.91 2.04 Germanium 5.32 5.9 1e5 5e7 16 Gold 19.3 14.2 2.44 KNN 4.1 6.5 8e6 5e8 1.3 4.3 Speaker OLED As for a speaker used in the human mobile, the ultra-thin speakers were chosen. Piezoelectric speakers are chose for the reason they are much thinner than the speakers normally used in mobile phones [14]-[16]. In the design of human mobile, we used a kind of piezoelectric speakers with a good sound quality and with a thickness of 0.9-mm. This kind of ultra-thin speaker mentioned in this design has already been successfully used in slim mobile phones nowadays. The ultra-thin piezoelectric speakers are made up of 4 sections, single-layer piezoceramics, shim materials, an elastic polymer and frame, as the picture shown below. Figure 3. Piezoelectric Speaker Figure 4. OLED 4 layers Both sides of the speakers are covered by a silver electrode. Zirconnia and ceramics with an advantage in thickness is used as the piezoceramics layer [17]. Copper is used as the shim material and the surfaces of the copper are covered by the piezoceramics. This kind of section is used to construct a bimorph transducer. PTT film is placed between the 0.9-mm-thick frame and shim, and the bimorph transducer was then attached to the frame. In the selection of materials, the most important aspects we have to consider about are the thickness, density, thermal expansion coefficient, and electrical resistivity. An adhesive is used in the construction to connect all the materials together, and an ultra-thin speaker is created by arranging in a concentric circle . OLED is used in the construction of human mobile. Its principle is that through the smallest details of chemical structure or processing make the devices lighten and display. The construction of OLED is made up of 4 sections, cathode, emissive and conductive layer, anode, and substrate. The following picture shows us the details of an OLED. According to the application, though there are many options for each layer, we choose the materials with better properties and lower price. We choose high density porous polyethylene (HDPE) as anode [18], for the reason of its high density, and for the material selection of cathode, often calcium which satisfies the conditions under the construction of OLED. The anode, of course, must be transparent so that the emitted photons can exit the device. As consider the human mobile is a flexible device [19] so we choose Polyethylene as the materials of emissive and conductive layer. When we talk about materials selection, we talk about how does this product works, what is this products function, what requirements we need to meet, what materials we choose. Table 2. Properties of the materials used in speakers Materials Density/ Kgm-3 Thermal expansion coefficient/ strainoC-1 Electrical resistivity/ ohm.cm Dielectric strength/ MVm-1 Zirconia 5.99e3-6.11e3 7.8-8.1 1e17-3.16e18 4-6 Copper 8.94e3-8.95e3 16.8-16.9 1.91-2.04 PTT 1.3e3-1.33e3 138-142 1.43e22-8.4e22 31.4-32.6 Aluminum 3.94e3-3.96e3 7.7-8.5 1e19-3.16e20 10-21 Table 3. Properties of the materials used in OLED Materials Density/ Kgm-3 Thermal expansion coefficient/ strainoC-1 Electrical resistivity/ ohm.cm Dielectric strength/ MVm-1 HDPE 920-1.24e3 176-184 2.37e23-2.13e24 24.4-29.9 Calcium 3.05e3-3.15e3 11.4-14 Polyethylene 134-160 111-123 6.31e21-4.26e22 LDPE 16-20 190-220 1e21-1e23 4-6 4.5. Pressure sensor system The pressure sensor system is used to measure the pressure parameters which are being tested, which have been divided into two parts. The first part is the main part, pressure sensor, which is made of silicon (a traditional material for sensor) aim for receiving force signal. The second part is a small microchip which process signal and send it to the CPU. The material of the second part is same as the main microchips. The whole pressure sensor system acts as a mouse to achieve the anywhere touch-screen function through visual processing lens signal. 4.6. Coating materials A coating material is used for protection. Because our products need to be implant into human the body, we need an absolutely safe coating to prevent harmful accident happening. The coating must meet the standards which are: bio-compatibility, very slow or no degradation, and good surface properties. So, a choice of three kinds of materials has been made for the customer. First of all is bio glass 8625. Secondly, a hydrophilic coating suitable for vascular implants and finally silicone. These three materials both have a long-life, comfort surface and minimized radiation, and both of them are bio-compatible. When we decide to market a product, several critical factors should be considered: The competition from other peers Define the ideal customer The unique selling proposition Testing Media campaigns Our aim is to design a human mobile, according to research. No one has invented this human mobile. Once we designed human mobile, there is no direct competition from other peers, but we should inform the customer what are the differences between our product and a conventional mobile phone, and what kinds of benefits can a customer get from this product. The cell phone in nowadays has many different functions, it is difficult to let customer accept our product. People may think we already have iPhone, why should we implant a mobile in our body. Thats why we need to define our customer, we cannot assume that all customers will accept the idea behind our product, but we can focus to a specific customer. Our product is based on convey message, GPS, WIFI and personal ID verification. Nowadays, young people are interested in new technology, and they text each other every day anytime, and are permanently connected to WIFI. So they may be curious and would like to try this new product. Moreover, they may think it is cool to implant a mobile phone into their body. The cost of the product is 689 £, which is not cheap, but nowadays, the young people would like to pay for that even they cannot afford it. The iPhone is the example. There are two main factors in unique selling propositionà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¡ Benefit commitment. We need to tell the customer to know what the specific functions of our product are, and what actual benefit they can get. Unique. We need to emphasise our special function that our peers dont have. This will be achieved through the advertising and news conference. Only new and unique can attract customers eye. The product must be carefully tested due to fact that it is implanted in the human body for several years. Lab test can be done to simulate the human body conditions. Also to have more prompt results and not to wait years to observe a change, more aggressive conditions can be applied during the testing. This will help define the limits of the materials and map eventual regions of the components that are more susceptible to damage than others and therefore require more frequent inspection and monitoring. 5. As a new product, the marketing questionnaire is necessary. Is it the fastest and easiest way to know the customer would accept our product or not, and which kind of people would like to buy our product. Furthermore, we can adjust and improve our product according to the feedback from the questionnaire. Media campaigns are necessary part of marketing; advertisement and news conferences are the best way to promote our product. But it requires a significant budget. However, the profit will excess what we paid for the marketing campaign. As regarding the cost, according to materials we selected, and profits that a company is required to make, the cost of our product is 689 £. The price includes the price of materials (the price of the materials are based on RS component website [20]), manufacturing and labour cost. Surgery fees are included. Also, as a new product, we dont want the price of our product excess the existing successful product, like iPhones and Samsung Galaxy series. The average price of the iPhone and Samsung is  £700. So the price we are offering it makes the customer think about what kind of features he can get with same amount of money. References [1] WhatIs.com, (2015). What is transistor? Definition from WhatIs.com. [online] Available at: http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/transistor [accessed 7 March 2017] [2] Radio-electronics.com, (n,d). Semiconductor Materials | Types Groups Classifications | List. [online] Available at: http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/ data/semicond/semiconductor/semiconductor-materials-types-list.php [Accessed 7 March 2017] [3] Reference, (2017). Why is silicon used to make computer chips?. [online] Available at: https://www.reference.com/history/silicon-used-make-computer-chips-d8e1def4a26f18e6 [Accessed 7 March 2017] [4] Learn.sparkfun.com, (2009). Resistors. [online] Available at : https://learn. sparkfun.com/tutorials/resistors [Accessed 7 March 2017] [5] Resistorguide.com, (2012). Resistor materials  » Resistor Guide. [online] Available at: http://www.resistorguide.com/materials/ [Accessed 7 March 2017] [6] Us.schott.com, (2014). SCHOTT POWERAMICà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ Glass-Ceramics: A New Class of Dielectrics for High Voltage Capacitors | SCHOTT North America. [online] Available at: http://www.us.schott.com/english/news/press.html?NID=us548 [Accessed 7 March 2017] [7] Bbc.co.uk, (2014). BBC GCSE Bitesize: Diodes. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/design/electronics/componentsrev6.shtml [Accessed 7 March 2017] [8] Learnabout-electronics.org, (2017). Introduction to Diodes. [online] Available at:http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/Semiconductors/diodes_20.php[Acces-sed 7 March 2017] [9] Hodgin, Rick. (2009). From sand to hand: How a CPU is made. [online] Geek.com. Available at: http://www.geek.com/chips/from-sand-to-hand-how-a-cpu-is-made-832492/ [Accessed 7 March 2017] [10] Woodford, Chris. (2016). Piezoelectricity. [online] Explainthatstuff.com. Available at: http://www.explainthatstuff.com/piezoelectricity.html [Accessed 8 March 2017] [11] Sharma, Anshul ; Kumar, Rajeev ; Vaish, Rahul ; Chauhan, Vishal S. Ferroelectrics, 04 April 2015, Vol.478(1), p.140-156 [12] Rajabi, Amir Hossein ; Jaffe, Michael ; Arinzeh, Treena Livingston. Acta Biomaterialia, 15 September 2015, Vol.24, pp.12-23 [13] Davis, S. D. ; Gibbons, D. F. ; Martin, R. L. ; Levitt, S. R. ; Smith, J. ; Harrington, R. V. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, September 1972, Vol.6(5), pp.425-449 [14] G. Arlt, H. Dederichs and R. Herbiet, 90 °-domain wall relaxation in tetragonally distorted ferroelectric ceramics, Ferroelectrics, vol. 74, pp. 37-53, 1987. [15] L. E. Cross, Ferroelectric Ceramics. eds. N. Setter and E. Colla, Basel, Switzerland: Birkhauser, 1993, pp. 1-85 [16] A. G. Luchaninov, A. V. Shilnikov, L. A. Shuvalov, and I. JU. Shipkova, The domain processes and piezoeffect in polycrystalline ferroelectrics, Ferroelectrics, vol. 98, pp. 123-126, 1989. [17] H. Kawai, Y. Sasaki, T. Inoue, T. Inoi, and S. Takahashi, High-power transformer employing piezoelectric ceramics, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys, vol. 35, pp. 5015-5017, Sept. 1996. [18] Yang, Y. et al.Efficient blue polymer light-emitting diodes from a series of soluble poly(paraphenylene)s.J. Appl. Phys. 79, No. 2 (1996) pp. 934-939 [19] Gustaffson, G. at al, Nature, 357 (1992) pp. 477-479 [20] http://uk.rs-online.com/web/ [Accessed 9 March 2017]

Pride and Prejudice Essay

Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice (1813) is believed to originate from the manuscript called First Impressions that have been written between 1796 and 1797. The initial title indicates that characters’ behavior and evaluations are influenced by their first impressions. The second title stresses the importance of such psychological traits and mechanisms as pride and prejudice. In a course of the novel personages change a lot so far as they understand that perfunctory attitudes and assessments are false when being devoid of knowledge of the context and understanding of an individual’s character. The present paper tackles upon analysis of Austen’s book as being researched through a lens of psychology. Contemporary science introduced the â€Å"social stereotypes† concept which significantly influences people’s interaction within a given social group. Among many other important contributions, the novel of interest teaches us to approach carefully decisions as related to our interpersonal acting and judgment of group members according to first impressions. The effects, dangers and consequences of premature evaluations as based on social stereotypes will be analysed with specific examples from the book. The novel under review is believed to be an example of psychological writing or novel of human relationships. As Sherry has acknowledged, the writer is always aware of â€Å"the presence of other individuals with whom it is either a duty or a pleasure to mix† (611). The very title of the book consists of two psychological concepts. The one of â€Å"pride† denotes a trait of character associated with high self-esteem. Another one of â€Å"prejudice† refers to a situation when a person makes decisions regardless of the context and relevant features of a case or individual. In regard to the issue of Austen’s psychologism, critic Bloom has cited Ian Watt, an important theorist of literature from Stanford University. The latter has claimed Austen to be â€Å"the commenting narrator† in the sense that her â€Å"analyses of †¦ characters and their states of mind, and her ironical juxtaposition of motive and situation †¦ do not seem to come from an intrusive author but rather from some august and impersonal spirit of social and psychological understanding† (39). In his turn, another literary critic, Ryan, has defined Austen’s psychologism as an â€Å"experiment in schematic psychology† (33). The latter definition with its emphasis on the writer’s schematism in delineating people’s behavioral patterns and analyzing their internal and external drives seems to be really accurate, given the recent developments in psychological science. Just think of the plain statistics: in Austen’s text, there are 48 references to the phenomenon of â€Å"pride,† which is accessible through direct observation, but there are only 8 cases of mentioning the phenomenon of â€Å"prejudice,† which requires a deeper understanding of psychological mechanisms and social contexts. It seems that the writer lacks instruments and concepts to analyze human behavior at a deeper level but this is not Austen’s fault. Being unaware of any of the recent theories of social sciences, she nevertheless hits the very essence of the process that would later be called â€Å"social stereotyping. † Let us prove this hypothesis on the example of the â€Å"pride† concept. First time it is explained in Chapter 5 by Mary Bennet, the most earnest of the Bennets, who is interested in social theory. Upon the ball at which the local society has got acquainted with Fitzwilliam Darcy, the rich and handsome gentleman from London, women start discussing the newcomer and label him as being â€Å"eat up with pride† (Austen 25). On occasion, Mary has demonstrated her education, saying: Pride is a very common failing†¦ human nature is particularly prone to it, and †¦ there are very few of us who do not cherish a feeling of self-complacency on the score of some quality or other, real or imaginary. Vanity and pride are different things, though the words are often used synonymously. A person may be proud without being vain. Pride relates more to our opinion of ourselves, vanity to what we would have others think of us. (ibid. ) The validity of Mary’s (i. e. , Austen’s) remark has been acknowledged many decades afterwards by contemporary psychologists including Hunyady and Ryan. Whereas Mary Bennet operates the phrase â€Å"opinion of ourselves,† when referring to characteristics ascribed to the self by an individual, Ryan uses the term â€Å"self-ratings† (191), and Hunyady employs the term â€Å"self-image† (189). Both Mary (i. e. Austen) and modern scientists are aware of the complexity of perceptions as featured by the subject and members of the group. To proceed with comparison, whereas in the novel there is made a distinction between â€Å"pride† as a self-rating and â€Å"vanity† as the rating imposed by the community, Ryan speaks about the concept of â€Å"social stereotype. † The psychologist has ac knowledged that it consists of the two basic elements: â€Å"the perceived stereotypicality of a group (i. e. , the perceived extremity of the central tendency) and the perceived dispersion, or diversity, of group members† (191). This point is not Ryan’s unique invention. On the same issue, another social scientist, Hunyady, has stressed the duality of social processes as occurring both within the specific group and outside it. Observing the complexity of relationships in dynamic social contexts, Hunyady has emphasized the following: †¦ [T]he categories of persons and the related stereotypes do not stand on their own but rather are components of some kind of a system. †¦ [S]tereotypes are the mosaic pieces of a picture formed of the whole society. One not only gets to know his individual companions or groups of his companions but also tries to get a comprehensive view of the entire human world and of society, in which he and his fellows have a place and a more or less stable environment. (189) In other words, psychologists argue that in a process of exhibiting the new object to the social group, the behavior of group members in regard to this object is predicted by realistic group conflict theory and social cognition theories of social categorization. Every subject unit of the group obeys to a certain set of normative regulations. An individual does not function on his/her own but clearly fits into this or that community. Subsequently and inevitably, a person evaluates oneself according to the degree of membership, or the extent to which his/her ratings of the self, the group and social processes conform to the summated ratings of other people belonging to that group. As Ryan has indicated, there is a â€Å"central tendency,† or the core perception of the phenomenon that is agreed upon by all group members as being guided by a set of shared norms, and there are also deviations from the mainstream. The latter are allowed by those group subjects who are less inclined to stereotype the phenomena of life due to their intellect and character. Taking this conceptual framework into consideration, we should admit that the stages of the social stereotyping process are brilliantly revealed by Austen in Pride and Prejudice, albeit the narrator employs a simple, non-scientific language. There is a specific group in the countryside 19th century England whose members share the common regulations concerning people and events. The highest value is attributed to the upper class membership, wealth, and appearance. There is â€Å"the aura of a small, enclosed community of talking, visiting, and company† (Sherry 611) that confines every person to the specific role and place. In this social atmosphere, first impressions, which are based on the abovementioned features of appearance and sweet manners (i. e. , those which do not deviate from the central tendency), become the long-lasting tags for an individual. It is extremely difficult to overcome the sustainability of these immediately formed stereotypes. Since the very moment of his entry to the ball room, Fitzwilliam Darcy drew the group’s attention. He is a new person to the community, and at first sight he seems to be in accord with the shared set of norms so far as the man is high, good-looking and enjoys a substantial income of ten thousand a year. However, conforming to the stereotype of a â€Å"good man† in the sense of outlook and social position, Darcy becomes a breacher of discipline in terms of his relationships with other group members. Darcy is claimed â€Å"to be proud; to be above his company, and above being pleased; and not all his large estate in Derbyshire could then save him from having a most forbidding, disagreeable countenance† (Austen 14). The reason for such a shift in attitudes is the man’s denial of the spirit of companionship that is somewhat more important to the community than the characteristics of its individual subjects, however handsome and wealthy they are. The clue to understanding the first impression of Darcy is provided in the scene where young women are discussing him after the ball. Charlotte Lucas, the best friend of the second Bennet’s daughters Elizabeth, who is the main female personage of the story, justifies Darcy by the fact that his high self-rating is understandable so far as he possesses every feature admired within the group: His pride does not offend me so much as pride often does, because there is an excuse for it. One cannot wonder that so very fine a young man, with family, fortune, everything in his favour, should think highly of himself. If I may so express it, he has a right to be proud. (Austen 25) In other words, this is not the man’s high self-esteem that hurts the senses of the locals. His drawback tackles upon not the pardonable attitude of pride but the regrettable vanity, or the overt negligence of the shared persuasion that the given social group is the best environment for any dignified individual. Regarding the eagerness to enter the local community and borrow its toolkit of stereotypes, Darcy represents a sharp contrast to an amiable young officer, Mr. Wickham. The latter is as handsome as the former but is more eagerly accepted by the group so far as he gladly steps into social intercourses with every member of the circle. As the personage himself has confessed, â€Å"I have been a disappointed man, and my spirits will not bear solitude. I must have employment and society† (Austen 98). This weakness and lack of the so to say inner rod is initially perceived as a virtue by group members. Austen’s mastery is made evident in the scenes documenting the usual intercourse between group members so that the reader can get impression of the relationships permeating the group atmosphere and learn the principles which back up the social stereotypes of that time. To make a clue to her heroes’ characters, the writer provides short explanations of the people’s psychological background. People and events are evaluated by many people who exchange remarks on the issue of interest, although Austen takes a particular interest in the phenomena as perceived through the eyes of Elizabeth Bennet. This is a beautiful and intelligent young lady of 20 years old who displays â€Å"a lively, playful disposition, which delighted in anything ridiculous† (Austen 16). She deserves the reader’s appreciation, demonstrating â€Å"more quickness of observation and less pliancy of temper than her sister, and †¦ a judgement too unassailed by any attention to herself† (Austen 20). Due to her intellect and sociable yet a bit absent-minded character, Elizabeth exhibits the perfect ability to deviate from the central tendency in her assessments and evaluations of life matters. The second of Bennet’s daughters is obviously the only group member who could have appreciated Darcy’s ability to let the world slide, if not for the case of personal injustice. She cannot forget the pain that has been caused to her own self-esteem. The thing is that Elizabeth has heard the handsome newcomer admitting that she is not enough beautiful to dance with. The remark is enough for the young lady to start detesting the offender to her pride. As Elizabeth herself has stated, â€Å"I could easily forgive his pride, if he had not mortified mine† (Austen 25). The first impression of Darcy’s rudeness at the ball is driven by the clash of self-esteems, and negative perceptions color the young lady’s further conceptualization of the hero up to the very moment when he reveals his love toward her in Chapter 34. The futility of first impressions is demonstrated through the description of Elizabeth’s relationships with Darcy and Wickham as well as her understanding of Bingley’s character. As it has been stated earlier, all three men fit the shared group’s concept of â€Å"an appropriate gentleman† in terms of their looks and wealth, albeit Wickham is not as rich as the other two men and pretends to be a man who is unjustly insulted. He pretends to be modest and good-hearted when he says, â€Å"I have no right to give my opinion† or â€Å"I am not qualified to form one† (Austen 96) in regard to Darcy’s background, and immediately afterwards he does his best to ruin Fitzwilliam’s reputation. All Wickham’s envy of Darcy is demonstrated in the following characterization: â€Å"The world is blinded by his fortune and consequence, or frightened by his high and imposing manners, and sees him only as he chooses to be seen† (Austen 97). The remark provides the reader with a hint concerning Darcy’s manner of functioning within the upper class social circle. Among this threesome with Bingley being superficial and Wickham being villainous, Darcy is the only person to be criticized for the lack of that â€Å"agreeable manner† that Wickham demonstrates speaking even about insignificant matters. The intelligent and kind-hearted Lizzy cannot but â€Å"feel that the commonest, dullest, most threadbare topic might be rendered interesting by the skill of the speaker† (Austen 94) when she socialized with Wickham, whereas Darcy’s brisk and unwilling manner of speaking makes the young lady feel uncomfortable. This is true that being compared to his friend Bingley or his rivalry Wickham, Darcy is not the object to readily fall in love and admiration with. He dances only with the two selected ladies and neglects the rest. This manner is regarded an offense to the aura of amiability, and he abstains from the social chit-chat. Besides this gentleman directly expresses his opinions of other people instead of camouflaging them under the veil of behind-the-back gossip. This personage makes it too clear that the local society is â€Å"a collection of people in whom there was little beauty and no fashion, for none of whom he had felt the smallest interest, and from none received either attention or pleasure† (Austen 22). He reveals indignation, boredom, or sarcasm in the situations when other men pretend to be pleased and amused. Judging from first impressions, Charles Bingley is more favored by the locals since he treats them as the nicest people he has ever met. In his turn, Wickham’s reputation is based on the assumption that Darcy has devoid him of wealth, which puts the two men in the positions of a victim and an offender. This is only throughout a course of the plot development that the narrator makes clear that Bingley’s sociality is explained by superficiality, and Wickham is a cheater who has attempted to seduce Darcy’s younger sister. Utilizing the theories of social categorization, one may say that Wickham has been admitted to the local group more easily than Darcy because the former has readily belittled his self-rating in public conversations and demonstrated the greater extent of willingness to share the pre-established social regulations of the given group. Being compared to the sweet Mr. Bingley’s behavior, Darcy’s behavioral pattern is rooted in the wider cognitive scope and finer spiritual development. The latter is strong enough to disregard the central tendency as it exists in the given group. Being cleverer than his friend Mr. Bingley, who has managed to become the crowd puller, Darcy falls into the sin that is not pride per se but rather vanity. The local society would gladly accept him as the most important person if he had been willing to put himself on one leg so to say with other group members. It is only in Chapter 10 when the narrator lets readers learn more about Darcy’s understanding of pride and related concepts. In public opinion, his high self-esteem is a manifestation of haughtiness, whereas Wickham’s seemingly low self-rating is a sign of appropriateness as shown through humility. In his turn, Darcy detests â€Å"the appearance of humility† that is genuinely the â€Å"carelessness of opinion, and sometimes an indirect boast† (Austen 60). Contemporary psychologists would call Darcy’s conceptualizations of â€Å"pride,† â€Å"humility,† and â€Å"boast† as being driven by functional utility of human behavior. According to this hero, this is inappropriate to put down one’s self-esteem just for the sake of being praised by other group members. Throughout the novel this personage remains the vivid example of a person who shares certain believes common to the central tendency of stereotypicality but reveals energy to display also diversity in his ratings of the self and other people. The complexity and dynamism of social stereotypes is shown through Darcy’s and Elizabeth’s attitudes to each other. Whereas Lizzy’s stereotypes in regard to the man remain sort of frozen for a while under the man’s â€Å"satirical eye† (Austen 30), Darcy is being engaged into the fast proceeding process, in a course of which he changes the initial perception of the young lady. The narrator specifies Darcy’s turn toward re-evaluating Lizzy Bennet as follows: But no sooner had he made it clear to himself and his friends that she hardly had a good feature in her face, than he began to find it was rendered uncommonly intelligent by the beautiful expression of her dark eyes. To this discovery succeeded some others equally mortifying. Though he had detected with a critical eye more than one failure of perfect symmetry in her form, he was forced to acknowledge her figure to be light and pleasing; and in spite of his asserting that her manners were not those of the fashionable world, he was caught by their easy playfulness. Austen 29) In other words, Darcy’s first rejection of the second daughter of Bennets has been caused by the incongruity between Elizabeth’s outlook and his own classical perception of beauty as a reckless symmetry of forms and elements. It is clear that the gentleman has initially been blinded by both his personal and group set of stereotypes that required women to conform to certain standards. Elizabeth does not seem to be classically beautiful, and her gaiety during the first meeting has poked the man away as a manifestation of social inappropriateness.

History of Internet Advertising Essay

The history of Advertising goes back a long time in history during the time of the Romans in which merchants had street signs advertising their wares. With the invention of printing press during the middle part of the 1400s, things changed as it heralded a new era that shaped the course of civilization. The rise of broadcast technology in the twentieth century had made further advances in the world of advertising. In the 1920s, radio advertising carried the industry into its prime and become central to the operation of the advertising world until the rise of television advertising in the 1950s which rose to its prominence ever since up to the present time in which another break through in advertising has risen, the internet. Although internet began in the late 1960s it was only during the creation of the â€Å"Unix User Network or Usenet† (Prince, p. 3) that people got connected and â€Å"ready to do business† (p. ) through the â€Å"store-and-forward† net work ,where people could post news, views, and other communications to be read by others. Prince pointed out that the Usenet was â€Å"quickly adapted as a high-tech classified circular† (wherein categories were established for listing of items for sale. However, it was only in 1995 that a more profound use of the internet for advertisement had started as advertisement becomes more informative and specific. The internet advertising has since then begun to take substantial share of the market advertisement, and the year 2000 recorded the big leap in the internet advertisement with over eight billion dollars in revenue. Since then though, the growth of the internet advertisement in terms of dollar revenues were up and down but it is indisputably that the internet advertisement has become the most sophisticated and far reaching mode of advertisement.

Translating the English Verb Would in Spanish

Translating the English Verb Would in Spanish Translating the auxiliary English verb would isnt as straightforward as it might appear at first glance: Would has multiple uses - and in none of them is it readily translated as a single word. Would is used both to indicate tense as well as to indicate the speakers attitude toward a verbs action. In any case, the principle of translation is the same: Dont try to translate would as a word; translate it for what it means. Would in Conditional Statements One of the most common uses of would is in statements of the type if something were to happen, then something else would happen (or the same thing in a different order, something would happen If something else were to happen first). Nearly always, the would in such instances helps form the equivalent of the Spanish conditional tense: Si yo tuviera dinero, invertirà ­a en empresas espaà ±olas. (If I had money, I would invest in Spanish businesses.)Si yo fuera tà º, irà ­a al hospital. (If I were you, I would go to the hospital.)Rebecca ganarà ­a una buena nota en esta clase si estudiara ms. (Rebecca would earn a good grade in this class if she were to study more.)Si volviera a nacer, dormirà ­a menos y vivirà ­a ms. (If I were to be born again,l I would sleep less and live more.) It is common in both languages to make statements where the condition isnt directly stated. For example, the first two examples below are derived from the first two examples above with the condition omitted: Invertirà ­a en empresas espaà ±olas. (I would invest in Spanish businesses.)Yo irà ­a al hospital. (I would go to the hospital.)Me gustarà ­a una taza de cafà ©. (I would like a cup of coffee.)Soy de los que llorarà ­an como cuando algo muy preciado se pierde. (I am among those who would cry when something very expensive gets lost.) It is also possible to imply conditions without using the English if or Spanish si: El asesinato del presidente serà ­a un crimen de guerra. (Assassinating the president would be a war crime.) ¿Nos costarà ­a mucho comer aquà ­? (Would it cost us a lot to eat here?)Me prometià ³ que saldrà ­a conmigo. (She promised me that she would leave with me.) Would Referring to Past Repeated Events Another common use of would is to indicate that something happened as a matter of habit or custom. Most often, you can use the imperfect tense, the past tense of Spanish that is usually used to refer to actions that took place over an indefinite period of time. Durante el dà ­a trabajaba mucho. (During the day she would work a lot.)Recuerdo que viajbamos casi cada verano a Puerto Vallarta. (I remember that we would travel almost every summer to Puerto Vallarta.)Le exasperaban las quejas de sus hijos. (His childrens complaints would exasperate him.)Cuando ganbamos nadie decà ­a nada. (When we would win nobody would say anything.) Would Not Sometimes the negative form, wouldnt or would not, suggests a refusal to do something. The reflexive verb negarse can nearly always be used: Se negà ³ a estudiar otras alternativas. (He wouldnt study other alternatives.)Por eso me neguà © a firmar. (Because of that I wouldnt sign.)Me neguà © a comportarme como un adulto. (I wouldnt behave like an adult.) If would not or wouldnt is used as the equivalent of did not or didnt, it can be translated using either the imperfect or preterite tense. La radio del coche no me funcionà ³ en ese momento. (The car radio wouldnt work for me at that moment. The preterite is used here because the event occurred at a specific time.)Muchas veces la radio del coche no me funcionaba. (The car radio often wouldnt work for me. The imperfect is used here for a recurring event.)Esa noche no salieron juntos. (That night they wouldnt leave together.)Muchas veces no salà ­an del escritorio hasta entrada la noche. (They often wouldnt leave their desks until nighttime came.) Would as a Word of Politeness Often, would adds little meaning to a sentence but is used to make a request polite. One way of doing something similar in Spanish is to use the conditional tense:  ¿Me darà ­as  un minuto y medio? (Would you give me a minute and a half?) ¿Te gustarà ­a ayudarme? (Would you like to help me?)Le comprarà ­as un dulce a su hermanita? (Would you buy a sweet for your little sister?)

Dulce Et Decorum Est Essays

Dulce Et Decorum Est Essays Dulce Et Decorum Est Paper Dulce Et Decorum Est Paper Essay Topic: Jessie Pope War Poetry Ashleigh Waters Poetry 2027 Josef Horacek 21 November 2011 Dulce Et Decorum Est â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† by Wilfred Owen is a war poem written to show the cruel reality of war. Owen uses his own experience of World War I in his poetry in order to depict the true horror of warfare. During the war, Owen was sent to Craiglockhart War Hospital after suffering shell shock. He then wrote poetry as a way to cope with the horrific memories of the war. In the poem, Owen uses very personal memories and vivid imagery to try to convince others to stop enlisting and supporting the war. Written whilst receiving  treatment  for shell shock in Craiglockart, â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† is a bitter response to Owens first hand experience of war and an attack on propagandists, most particularly Jessie Pope, a writer who supported the war and encouraged men to fight. This poem was written at a time where men were praised for fighting for their country. If they died during battle, it was said that they died a heroic death. After seeing fellow soldiers die horrific deaths, Owen wrote â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† in hopes of changing young men’s minds about fighting. The poem can be divided into three sections: a description of soldiers leaving the battlefield, a mustard gas attack and a challenge thrown out to those who glorify war. From the very first line â€Å"Bent double, like old beggars under sacks† it is clear that â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est† is a very negatively toned poem. This is reinforced by other lines in the first stanza such as â€Å"All went lame; all blind† and â€Å"And towards our distant rest began to trudge†. This negative tone, which is brought about by the by the emotional language used (like â€Å"old† and â€Å"trudge†), creates a gloomy scene. Dulce et Decorum est† is a satirical poem about a Latin saying meaning â€Å"how sweet and fitting it is†. Through this poem Owen tries to show readers this saying is a lie, and that war is not as glorious as many people make it out to be. The first section includes a series of descriptions of soldiers that is at odds with the smartly uniformed young men being waved off by loved ones and sweet-hearts, familiar to those left behind. These men have become old and beaten down with exhaustion, pain and fear, old beggars, bent double and hags. Owen wants to show the reality of war, not some false glorification. World War I was the first major global war and the first to use large amounts of technology. It was a disaster for ordinary soldiers; practically a whole generation of young men was wiped out. On top of all this there were major blunders in getting supplies to troops. No wonder then that some had lost their boots and walked blood-shod. The term blood-shod not only describes the mens feet covered in blood but brings to mind connotations of blood-shot and blood-shed, phrases that aptly describe the situation. Overall the scene is one of weariness and defeat; the personification of the Five-nines, 5. 9 caliber shells, says it all. The weaponry of warfare has taken on the feelings of its victims. It is the soldiers who are tired and outstripped. The reader is jolted from generality of the slow trudge from the battle into a specific incident. The urgency and immediacy of the gas attack is presented through the use of the present continuous and the shouted exclamations Gas! Gas! Quick, boys! . The use of green adjectives such as lime is used to show the green colored gas clouding the air. Readers can image Owen looking through the gas mask’s â€Å"misty panes† at a fellow mask less soldier gasping and choking for air. Owen uses an extended metaphor of the sea and drowning to recreate the froth-choked drowning caused by a gas attack. The next two lines are separated to show their purpose as a link between the reality of war and the warning to those who present it otherwise. Owen continues the linked metaphor of sleepwalking, dreams and nightmares In all my dreams, to show how relentless this returning image is and how awful. My helpless sight takes on two meanings here. Firstly, Owen is unable to offer help to the afflicted soldier and secondly, he is helplessly unable to keep his dreams from returning to this memory. Again the use of the present continuous in guttering, choking, drowning adds to the constant immediacy of the episode and reiterates the drowning theme. The final section of the poem is written in direct address to the ironically entitled My friend. The first line of this stanza forms the future conditional; perhaps Owen, although hopeful, realizes that the intended recipient of the poem will never dream of this terrible scene. Owen uses alliteration to draw the attention of the reader, in the line And watch the white eyes writhing in his face, which creates a stark and confronting image within the readers mind. Further, in his hanging face, like a devils sick of sin it is through the use of simile the poet arouses the sympathy of the responder as they witness the grotesque nature of such a death. This line also uses alliteration to create a hissing sound produced by the harsh ‘s’ sound. The hissing sound, almost snake like, adds to the harshness of the poem. Owens only hope is that the powerful but ugly imagery in this section of the poem will allow them an explicit insight into the horrors of modern warfare. Owen cleverly links the burning effects of the gas on the young mans mouth with the lies told by those like Jessie Pope in the poem Whos For The Game. The saying Dulce et Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori was familiar to most during this period, it means â€Å"it is sweet and just to die for ones country†. Taken from the opening lines of an Ode by Horace, it was frequently used to urge young men to enlist. It is the serving up of spewed out, second hand patriotism from a previous era, when war was considered valiant and heroic, that Owen compares to the incurable sores on innocent tongues. Although loosely written in iambic pentameter, the variations in the syllable counts for each line, added to the use of caesura, prevent any flow or rhythm in the poem. The first stanza is Owen recalling a memory he had fighting, so rich in detail the reader can imagine the exact scene Owen creates. Although the second stanza is only two lines, those two lines have much impact as Owen is now in the present being haunted by the poor soldier’s death. The third stanza is Owen talking to young men being enlisted to this horrible war hoping he can stop them from dying unnecessary deaths. Owen wanted to break with tradition to show how moral values had broken down. He also broke with traditional language and imagery in an attempt to shock the complacent who send young men to their deaths based upon The old lie. â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† by Wilfred Owen is war poem written to give light to the real and harsh conditions of the war. Owen wanted to let those at home that the men were dying unfortunate deaths and not heroic ones. Owen